"The United States had an estimated 1,505,400 prisoners under the jurisdiction of state and federal correctional authorities as of December 31, 2016 (year-end). This was a decline of 21,200 prisoners (down 1%) from year-end 2015. State prisons held 13,900 fewer prisoners in 2016 than in 2015, while the federal prison population decreased by 7,300 (down almost 4%). For sentenced prisoners, the imprisonment rates at year-end 2016 were the lowest since 1997, with 450 prisoners per 100,000 U.S. residents of all ages and 582 per 100,000 U.S. residents age 18 or older (figure 1).