"The number of prisoners under state or federal jurisdiction at year-end 2017 (1,489,400) decreased 8% (down 126,100 prisoners) from 2009, when the
U.S. prison population peaked at 1,615,500 (table 1). Federal prisoners made up 12% of the total U.S. prison population at year-end 2017 and accounted for 33% of the decline in the total prison population. The number of federal prisoners decreased from 189,200 at year-end 2016 to 183,100 at year-end 2017. This was the fifth consecutive year of population decline among federal prisoners.